营销的“种族歧视”漩涡:当世界尚未足够平等 你就必须思虑周全
商业品牌在社交媒体进行推广营销以扩大商品知名度和影响力本无可厚非,但如未能及时发现并防范平台的潜在技术漏洞,而为别有用心之人所利用,或是思虑不周,出现定位偏差和不恰当噱头,便很有可能适得其反,使品牌深陷舆论漩涡,为其招致始料未及的负面影响。
近日,阿迪达斯(英国)在推特平台发起的一场推广其英超阿森纳足球俱乐部新赛季新品球衣的线上活动引发争议。
根据活动规则,用户只需发布带有#DareToCreate标签的推文,便有机会被官推点名,获得由官方自动生成、印有自己推特用户名的订制款球衣效果图,并可通过点击推文所附链接前往购买实物。
然而,一些别有用心的网友却利用这一规则“搞事情”,以带有“极端主义色彩”或冒犯性言辞的用户名参与线上活动。而因阿迪达斯官方未能及时甄别并过滤用户信息,其推特主页上便出现了点名此类用户并印有其用户名的球衣效果图推文。
其中包括涉嫌辱骂犹太人及黑人的名称、包含@InnocentHitler在内的极端言论,以及诸如@MadelineMcCann等涉及不当言辞的用户名(英国女孩Madeleine Mccann失踪案曾一度震惊世界。2007年,时年3岁的Madeleine与父母在葡萄牙度假时在旅馆失踪,至今下落不明)。
Adidas UK has found itself in hot water after its latest social media campaign included the sportswear giant tweeting out pictures containing racist and abusive slogans.
The promotion, launched on Monday to promote the new Arsenal home kit, had the official Twitter account of Adidas UK automatically generating customized images of the Arsenal shirts emblazoned with the Twitter handles of users who tweeted with the campaign hashtag #DareToCreate. However, the social media debacle got "hijacked" by users with offensive or intensive handles including "@MadelineMcCann" and "@96wasnotenough" – a reference to the Hillsborough tragedy in which 96 Liverpool fans died, the Guardian reported.
推文虽为阿迪达斯官推自动生成,然而网友却怒斥品牌疏于监管,使部分推文有种族歧视之嫌。
对此,阿迪达斯回应称,在注意到有关情况后已立即关闭该功能,并表示推特团队将对这一疏漏进行调查。目前,在阿迪达斯(英国)的官推上已看不到相关贴文。
"Due to a small minority creating offensive versions of this we have immediately turned off the functionality and the Twitter team will be investigating," a spokesperson for Adidas told CNN in response of the backlash. The offensive tweets have also been deleted from the company's Twitter page following the controversy.
无独有偶,耐克近日也因一新品鞋款遭到了有关“种族主义”的批评。
美国独立日(7月4日)前夕,耐克计划推出一款印有美国早期星旗图案的Air Max运动鞋。
对于这一旗帜的起源众说纷纭。但由于该旗帜于1777年,即美国独立战争时期正式开始使用,有网友认为其是奴隶制时代的象征。
不过也有包括美国资深参议员Mitch McConnell在内的部分人士对耐克进行声援,表示使用这一旗帜并无不妥,如果鞋款上架,自己将第一个购买支持。
《华尔街日报》(The Wall Street Journal)也在一篇评论文章中表示,没有一面美国国旗具有压迫和种族歧视含义。
据CNN报道,受舆论风波影响,耐克已宣布取消该鞋款售卖计划并召回了已经发往门店的供货。
The sportswear brand Nike has also faced accusations of "racism" over its launch of Air Max sneakers decorated with an early American flag to celebrate America's Independence Day, which fell on Thursday. While the origin of the flag remains disputed, some including the former NFL player Colin Kaepernick claimed that the flag from the late 18th century represents "an era of slavery."
However, some people support the brand's latest trainers, saying that it has nothing to do with racism.
Sales have been halted amid the backlash. "Nike made the decision to halt distribution of the Air Max 1 Quick Strike Fourth of July based on concerns that it could unintentionally offend and detract from the nation's patriotic holiday," CNN business reported citing the company.
对很多品牌来说,营销最大的危机,或许莫过于游走在种族歧视的争议边缘。
Adidas and Nike are not alone in getting accused of racism.
上周,美国话题女星金·卡戴珊推出全新塑身内衣品牌,将其命名为“Kimono Intimates”( “和服密友”)。
命名一经公布,随即引来大批日本消费者指责。
“Kimono”在日语中指和服,而和服作为日本的传统服饰,千百年来都是日本文化的重要象征之一。
深感本国文化遭到不尊重的日本网友,在社交网络上掀起#KimOhNo运动,以表达心中的不满。
亲爱的金·卡戴珊,和服是我们宝贵的文化,它对我们的意义远比你想象的重要。这才是我们心爱的和服。你不尊重的不仅仅是我们,更是那些保护和服让它得以流传至今的我们的祖先。恳请你重新考虑命名。
“Kimono”是日本的传统服饰。如果被用作商标,那这个词语也将变得无法使用。以后提到和服时,人们只会联想到内衣,而不是日本的和服。
事情的持续发酵,让一直以来在美妆界、服饰界游刃有余的“金姐”,最后也不得不撤回命名,宣布另寻新名。
Last week, Kim Kardashian ignited a severe backlash over her latest shapewear brand which was named after the traditional Japanese clothing "Kimono." Following accusations of "cultural appropriation," the reality TV star announced to withdraw the naming and promised to launch the brand under a new name.
去年1月, H&M也曾因网站上的一张模特照而遭到消费者的集体声讨。
照片中,非裔儿童穿着一件印有“coolest monkey in the jungle”(“丛林里最酷的猴子”)字样的卫衣。
相比之下,白人男孩的卫衣上写着的却是“survival expert”(“生存专家”)。
Last January, high-street store H&M was criticized across social media for using an advertising image featuring an African boy modelling a hoodie with the slogan "coolest monkey in the jungle," causing the brand to issue several apologies and create a new diversity director position.
去年11月,意大利奢侈品牌D&G(杜嘉班纳)及其创始人更是深陷史无前例的舆论风波。
Last November, Italian luxury fashion brand Dolce & Gabbana faced a national condemnation across China over an ad campaign which led to calls for a boycott of the brand with the trending hashtag #boycottdolce.
无论在哪里,对种族、文化的歧视或偏见都是一根高压线。
他们之中,有些人的确不怀好意,但有些人,也许本是“无心之失”,却被“过分解读”,陷入种族歧视的怪圈。
种族、文化等词语,一直以来因其本身的严肃性,而具有不容置疑的立场表达——平等、平等、平等。
在商业运作中,人们为了避免被定性为有“歧视嫌疑”,也趋向于在立意表达中更为谨慎。
真诚与善意绝不仅仅是同种族、同文化背景的人之间才有的美好情感。
然而,
如何在种族歧视的界定上达成公平一致
如何避免刻板印象对自身的影响
如何无限接近于真正平等
而不至于走向“反歧视”的极端
仍是我们需要持续思考的问题。